why is northern europe so rich

This is the beauty of Europe, and these are endless reasons why why Europe is the best continent in the world. But this apprehension of a single ‘great republic’ guaranteed a ‘general state of happiness, system of arts and laws and manners’. are red herrings because culture can be different in different areas of a country.As for Switzerland having been not so prosperous a few centuries ago a likely cause was iodine deficiency. I suspect it is a cultural thing after all. Europe - Europe - Economy: Europe was the first of the major world regions to develop a modern economy based on commercial agriculture, industrial development, and the provision of specialized services. This decentralization, by the way, is what made Protestantism possible at all (Luther was shielded by the Saxon Prince-Elector).Re: georgaphy, the argument is that it’s easier to build empires on flat land, and the mountainous regions were traditionally viewed in Europe as the refuge for those who don’t like central authority. A leading-edge research firm focused on digital transformation.Europe’s economic crisis has thrown into relief the economic disparity between the Continent’s richer, northern half and its poorer, southern half.There are numerous causes for this inequality, such as the industrial makeup, demographic profile and human capital potential in each country, but among the most important is infrastructure.Transport infrastructure has a significant effect on a country’s trade costs and its economic development. They’re called ‘frontalieri’, they go back and forth. Notice that major capital cities such as London, Paris, Madrid, Stockholm, etc., are much richer than the surrounding regions. Joel Mokyr. One might then focus … The natural philosophers and mathematicians of the 17th-century Republic of Letters adopted the idea of experimental science as a prime tool, and accepted the use of increasingly more sophisticated mathematics as a method of understanding and codifying nature.The idea of knowledge-driven economic progress as the Furthermore, some inventions still needed inputs from learned people even if they cannot be said to be purely science-driven. In 2006, he was awarded the biennial Heineken Award for History offered by the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences. So if you look at the as green vs red the best explanation is so called “Blue Banana” belt: It is a corridor of highest level of urbanization and therefore with developed capital. I know that living in the countryside in the UK is more expensive than living in the cities, there’s research on that. It could be about how the price level is calculated. Greece, which is at the epicenter of the eurozone’s debt crisis, is in an even more difficult situation because it lacks Spain’s and Italy’s export bases and has been Mountainous topography in part determines where these waterways form and thus plays a significant role in this division between Europe’s north and south. (Eastern European countries from Moldova north through Ukraine and the Baltics are disconnected from the industrial base in the northwest because the Soviet Union While rail is a cost-effective method of transporting goods, it is inefficient at gradients of more than 4 percent, which effectively severs rail networks at mountain ranges like the Apennines and Alps. Mainok village, Western Borno State, Nigeria, 11 February 2017. is the Robert H Strotz Professor of Arts and Sciences and professor of economics and history at Northwestern University in Illinois.

is the Robert H Strotz Professor of Arts and Sciences and professor of economics and …

In these latter examples we can perhaps more easily see the path dependence on the shape of these corridors.

I’m thinking of places like Davos.My take is that most commenters are overthinking this in trying to make correlations with culture.Truth is the Alpine region is sparsely populated while receiving a huge inflow of tourism every year.

Most of the most prosperous and industrialized cities are in the hilly Piedmont east of the Appalachians.

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